The eye socket (orbit) is a depression on the front of the skull, the walls of which have the shape of a four-sided pyramid, facing the basis of forward and outwards, and the top backwards and inwards (Fig.); depth of holes of about 5 see the eye-Socket is composed of seven bones of the skull (see). Of the four walls of the three borders with paranasal sinuses; lower - upper (maxillary), medial - lattice bosom, the top - with the frontal sinus and in the back two thirds of the cranial cavity. At the top of the eye is the visual channel, through which the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery. From its socket in the skull cavity open top, and in the wing-palatal hole bottom superior orbital fissure; through them are the nerves and blood vessels. The eye cavity is lined with periosteum. The front of the eye-socket is closed for centuries. Eyes occupies the front part of the eye socket, the rest of her filled fatty tissue, muscles, nerves and blood vessels.
Pathology. In the eye socket can be various inflammatory processes (thrombosis of the veins of the eye socket, periostitis, cellulitis and others), tumors, hemorrhages. A source of inflammation of the eye socket most common diseases of the sinuses, purulent lesions on the skin of the eyelids or face. One of the main features of diseases of the eye is a protrusion of the eyeball - exophthalmos (see). When it occurs the patient should be referred to an ophthalmologist.
The eye socket: 1 - orbital plate ethmoid; 2 - supraorbital tenderloin; 3 - optic channel; 4 - frontal bone; 5 - top ophthalmic slit; 6 - a large wing of the sphenoid bone; 7 - Malar bone, 8 - bottom ophthalmic slit; 9 - rear tear comb; 10 - front tear comb.
