Physiology itching studied insufficiently, many authors
bind its appearance with irritation pain receptors,
located in the epidermis. Distinguish between physiological itching,
occurs when the bites and crawling insects, and pathological
itching that appear in response to inappropriate irritation. Itching
accompanies many skin diseases (neurodermatitis, eczema,
hives, red flat zoster , etc.), but can exist
independently, being the main and the only symptom
the disease.
As a result of constant scratching the skin is covered with bloody
peel, joins infection and developed pyoderma
(see).
Acute attacks of pruritus are associated with food or
medicinal allergens (see Allergies) and quickly pass.
Chronic skin itching can be caused
the poisoningarising in connection with diseases of the gastrointestinal
tract (gastritis, colitis), liver and gall bladder, kidneys.
Chronic itching may occur when helminthic invasions, violations
metabolism (diabetes, gout) and the functions of the endocrine glands
(thyroid, sexual), nervous and mental
the disease. Often accompanied by itching such
malignant processes, as Hodgkin's disease, a cancer of the internal
bodies, being an early symptom of the disease. Itchy skin can
to be local (localized) and generalized).
Among generalized pruritus distinguished: 1) senile
itching that occurs in men over the age of 60 years in the form
attacks, especially at night, and is caused by atherosclerosis,
the menopause and other reasons; 2) seasonal itching - observed in
people with autonomic dystonia in the transition time of the year.
Among localized forms of skin itch are distinguished: 1) itching rear
the passage that is more often in men, accompanied by education
painful cracking and development of secondary infection (gidradenit,
furuncles). The disease is often associated with hemorrhoids,
the proctitis, prostatitis, helminthic invasion, slovenliness and others;
2) genital itching that occurs more often in women and
usually caused Belami (see), Trichomonas
vulvovaginitis, inflammatory diseases of the genital organs,
sexual neuroses, endocrine disorders (menopause).
UD genitals can be caused by irritant urine
in diabetes, gout, may be also one of the early symptoms of cancer of the genital organs or one of the manifestations of toxicity
pregnancy.
Treatment: identifying and possible elimination of causes itching,
diet, eliminating annoying food and alcohol, sedatives (bromine, Valerian, Elenium); desencibilizirutuyu
treatment: intravenous 10% solution of calcium chloride, 30% solution
sodium thiosulfate; inside appoint anphetamine drugs
(Dimedrol, suprastin or pipolfen); hydrotherapy: warm (temperature
36-37 degrees) baths for 20-25 minutes, soul, sulfur, radon baths,
sea bathing; physiotherapy: diadynamic current and ultrasound
paravertebral. Naruzhno - agitated suspension and alcohol
solutions, which include antipruritic tools: 0,5 - 2%
solution menthol, 10-20% solution anestezina, 1-5% phenol;
coal tar in pure form, and ointments with
corticosteroids (prednizolonovuyu, oksikort and others).
zublena (fluctuation) - a sign of fluid accumulation in
the pathological focus (abscess, hematoma, bursitis, and so on).
The emergence of itching in dense inflammatory infiltrate indicates
it purulent fusion (abstsedirovanie) and an indication
to cut (see the Abscess) .
To discover itching fingers of both hands (1 or 2, depending on
the size of infiltration) is placed near the centre of the investigated
the field, pressing lightly on her. The fingers of the left hand remain
motionless, his right to produce light strokes that
in the presence of fluid is transmitted on the left hand. And Vice versa,
tremors fingers of the left hand feel fingers of his right. The thinner
wall purulent cavities than she poverhnostnye, the more
determined itching. With massive walls and deep location
oral discover itching difficult or even impossible. Sensation
false itching occurs sometimes when palpation muscle or fat
tissue (for example, when the lipoma), but the shocks are transmitted only
in one direction, and when you change the position of the fingers
the itching sensation disappears.